By disbanding the current one-child policy on the short-term nothing will change in China’s population growth rate, the question should be whether the current policy is able to control China’s growing population and the negative effects that come with this policy.
Reporter: Caspar van der Plas
Reporter:What would happen if China’s one-child policy would be disbanded?
Ronald R. Rindfuss: Basically on a short term basis, nothing will probably change. One of the reasons is that it also has a lot to do with the mentality of a country’ss population. At this moment China’s one-child policy is a hot topic around academic circuits and there are a lot of discussions about what will happen when it would be disbanded, but actually, we don’t know.
Reporter:Do you think that China’s fertility rate will decrease during the upcoming 10 years either with or without the one-child policy?
Ronald R. Rindfuss: As long as the one-child policy remains, the decrease of fertility rate will be faster than without the one-child policy. This means that regardless of the one-child, policy China’s fertility rate will drop. But still there is a huge difference in fertility rate between rural and urban areas. China’s rural areas seem to keep a high fertility rate in comparison to urban areas. But these circumstances are linked to different topics such as urban migration and increase of wealth.
Reporter:The Hukou system in China refers to the system of 'class system' residency permits. The household registration record officially identifies a person as a resident of rural or urban area and includes identifying information such as name, parents, spouse, and date of birth.Based on this system, rural born woman with agricultural Hukou status are subjected to rural fertility policy, even when they have migrated to urban areas. A big negative effect of the policy is that disparity of wealth between rural and urban areas increases. So does this mean that in order to decrease the disparity between rural/urban wealth and have positive effects on China’s TFR, the Hukou system has to be improved before changing or disbanding the one-child policy?
Ronald R. Rindfuss: With the current Hukou system the disparity in wealth between rural an urban areas is really big. There is a correlation between getting children and an increase of family wealth. If China’s Hukou system would be improved, the disparity between residents from different areas decreases, this would have an effect on China’s TFR. The question is whether it makes a difference when changing the one-child policy afterwards. Based on the given statement, the one-child policy is implemented within the Hukou system, so if the Hukou system would change this would also have effect on how the current one-child policy is implemented within the changed Hukou system.
Reporter:Can you comment on the statement: “China has outgrown the one-child policy”.
Ronald R. Rindfuss: Nobody really knows what will happen when the one-child policy will be disbanded. There are too many variables that could have an effect on China’s population growth rate. China's population increases each year by approximately 12-13 million people, a number that exceeds the total population of many individual countries. Therefore we can conclude that by disbanding the current one-child policy on the short-term nothing will change in China’s population growth rate, the question should be whether the current policy is able to control China’s growing population and the negative effects that come with this policy.
Introduction:
Ronald R. Rindfuss, professor at the Chapel Hill South Carolina University. He is a social demographer. Initially most of his work deals with fertility, also dealt with population, environment, migrations and family demography.